Métodos y técnicas para la indización y recuperación de los recursos de la World Wide Web

Information search tools in the World Wide Web use different approaches and mechanisms to compile and index information to update their databases. The diversity of document formats and contents makes the process more difficult. The strategies chosen by these tools directly affects their efficiency at retrieving information. Some methods to optimize search tools to accomodate information needs are described. The new role or information intermediaries in the World Wide Web is analyzed

Analysis of errors in the automatic translation of questions for translingual QA systems

Purpose – This study aims to focus on the evaluation of systems for the automatic translation of questions destined to translingual question-answer (QA) systems. The efficacy of online translators when performing as tools in QA systems is analysed using a collection of documents in the Spanish language. Design/methodology/approach – Automatic translation is evaluated in terms of the functionality of actual translations produced by three online translators (Google Translator, Promt Translator, and Worldlingo) by means of objective and subjective evaluation measures, and the typology of errors produced was identified. For this purpose, a comparative study of the quality of the translation of factual questions of the CLEF collection of queries was carried out, from German and French to Spanish. Findings – It was observed that the rates of error for the three systems evaluated here are greater in the translations pertaining to the language pair German-Spanish. Promt was identified as the most reliable translator of the three (on average) for the two linguistic combinations evaluated. However, for the Spanish-German pair, a good assessment of the Google online translator was obtained as well. Most errors (46.38 percent) tended to be of a lexical nature, followed by those due to a poor translation of the interrogative particle of the query (31.16 percent). Originality/value – The evaluation methodology applied focuses above all on the finality of the translation. That is, does the resulting question serve as effective input into a translingual QA system? Thus, instead of searching for “perfection”, the functionality of the question and its capacity to lead one to an adequate response are appraised. The results obtained contribute to the development of improved translingual QA systems

Analysis of errors in the automatic translation of questions for translingual QA systems

Purpose – This study aims to focus on the evaluation of systems for the automatic translation of questions destined to translingual question‐answer (QA) systems. The efficacy of online translators when performing as tools in QA systems is analysed using a collection of documents in the Spanish language. Design/methodology/approach – Automatic translation is evaluated in terms of the functionality of actual translations produced by three online translators (Google Translator, Promt Translator, and Worldlingo) by means of objective and subjective evaluation measures, and the typology of errors produced was identified. For this purpose, a comparative study of the quality of the translation of factual questions of the CLEF collection of queries was carried out, from German and French to Spanish. Findings – It was observed that the rates of error for the three systems evaluated here are greater in the translations pertaining to the language pair German‐Spanish. Promt was identified as the most reliable translator of the three (on average) for the two linguistic combinations evaluated. However, for the Spanish‐German pair, a good assessment of the Google online translator was obtained as well. Most errors (46.38 percent) tended to be of a lexical nature, followed by those due to a poor translation of the interrogative particle of the query (31.16 percent). Originality/value – The evaluation methodology applied focuses above all on the finality of the translation. That is, does the resulting question serve as effective input into a translingual QA system? Thus, instead of searching for “perfection”, the functionality of the question and its capacity to lead one to an adequate response are appraised. The results obtained contribute to the development of improved translingual QA systems

How accessibility guidelines are used in Spanish World Heritage Websites: an exploratory study

This paper presents an exploratory study on the accessibility of Spanish World Heritage website homepages in the Spanish language. The study sample comprised 78 homepages from the institutional websites of the 47 cultural, natural and mixed assets considered as World Cultural Heritage by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco). These homepages have been analysed using online accessibility validator tools, following the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 recommendation for the different levels of priority. The compiled data were employed in a quantitative study on adherence to WCAG guidelines. Furthermore, the types of errors made using the perspective of accessibility and usability were identified, and the application rate was calculated for these accessibility guidelines according to the type of entity managed by the websites and pages. The results show that more than 25% of the cases analysed had 10 accessibility errors or fewer. Moreover, it was only necessary to correct one or two types of errors in close to 40% of them. The paper draws the conclusion that, despite technological and legislative advances that make public entity websites accessible, there is still much to do before complete web accessibility and usability at AA and AAA level can be achieved. Identifying accessibility problems on institutional websites constitutes the first step towards creating web content that is easy to access and manage for users with disabilities. In this regard, this study contributes to improving web content according to objective guidelines such as those encouraged by the WCAG 2.0. This article provides information on how accessibility and usability guidelines are implemented by institutional websites for Cultural Heritage deemed especially important. This is an issue with significant implications for users and for which, however, there is a lack of prior studies. As a result, the value and originality of this paper can be considered evident

Analysis of automatic translation of questions for question-answering systems

Multilingual question-answering systems can provide users with specific data in response to queries by searching for a minimal fragment of text that applies to the query, regardless of the language in which the question is formulated and the answer is found. The aim of this paper is to analyse the automatic translation of questions (intended as queries input to a cross-language, question-answering system) from German and French into the Spanish language. Method. The methodology used for evaluation, based on automatic and subjective measures, appraises whether the translation will serve as input to a system. That is, does the question retain its validity and fulfil its function, allowing a proper response to be found? Analysis. The main features of multilingual question-answering systems are described and then we analyse the effectiveness of the translations achieved through three popular online translating tools: Google Translator, Promt and Worldlingo. Results. Our findings serve to identify which is the most reliable translator for both pairs of languages overall. However, an even more reliable option would be to use two different translators, depending on which of the two source languages is being dealt with. Conclusions. The results contribute to the realm of innovative search systems by enhancing our understanding of online translators and their potential in the context of multilingual information retrieval

Analysis of errors in the automatic translation of questions for translingual QA systems

Purpose – This study aims to focus on the evaluation of systems for the automatic translation of questions destined to translingual question‐answer (QA) systems. The efficacy of online translators when performing as tools in QA systems is analysed using a collection of documents in the Spanish language. Design/methodology/approach – Automatic translation is evaluated in terms of the functionality of actual translations produced by three online translators (Google Translator, Promt Translator, and Worldlingo) by means of objective and subjective evaluation measures, and the typology of errors produced was identified. For this purpose, a comparative study of the quality of the translation of factual questions of the CLEF collection of queries was carried out, from German and French to Spanish. Findings – It was observed that the rates of error for the three systems evaluated here are greater in the translations pertaining to the language pair German‐Spanish. Promt was identified as the most reliable translator of the three (on average) for the two linguistic combinations evaluated. However, for the Spanish‐German pair, a good assessment of the Google online translator was obtained as well. Most errors (46.38 percent) tended to be of a lexical nature, followed by those due to a poor translation of the interrogative particle of the query (31.16 percent). Originality/value – The evaluation methodology applied focuses above all on the finality of the translation. That is, does the resulting question serve as effective input into a translingual QA system? Thus, instead of searching for “perfection”, the functionality of the question and its capacity to lead one to an adequate response are appraised. The results obtained contribute to the development of improved translingual QA systems

Los sitios web académicos con información de postgrado: herramientas para su evaluación / Postgraduate studies websites: a framework for evaluating

This paper proposes two tools for evaluating the quality of information on postgraduate studies websites, while providing for both objective and subjective approaches to the evaluation process. On one hand, a checklist of accessibly levels, for use with Weblink Validator, W3C markup validation service and TAW, has been developed. This is complemented by questionnaire instrument, designed and field tested to assess qualitative aspects of the target websites. These tools have been field tested on postgraduate websites that enjoy Quality Mention (MC) from universities in Andalusia, Spain; and the data complied was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of these analyses yield acceptable quality values for these websites, while revealing several common flaws. A university website ranking and a website domain ranking have also been developed. The distinct quality levels of these websites are reported in cluster and principle component analyses

Aproximación a las actitudes y percepciones de los usuarios ante las tecnologías de la información

Understanding why information technology is accepted or rejected by society has become one of the most challenging issues for researchers in our field. In order to understand personal attitudes toward communication and information technology (CIT), some researchers attempt to identify user perceptions of efficacy, anxiety, satisfaction, and usefulness, based on attitude factors. We discuss some of the primary research findings related to user attitudes and perceptions toward information technology. In addition, we review key studies that have implemented these assessment methods, within both the general context of computer use and the specific environment of web technology. We conclude that the level of technological sophistication and capacity are less relevant to effective implementation than positive user attitudes toward the technology

Tutorial para el Autoaprendizaje de la Evaluación de recursos electrónicos de carácter terminológico utilizados en los procesos de TRADucción (TAETRAD)

El objetivo principal ha consistido en la creación de un Tutorial para el Autoaprendizaje de la Evaluación de los recursos electrónicos de carácter terminológico utilizados en los procesos de la TRADucción (TAETRAD). Hemos creado un tutorial interactivo que incorpora vídeos explicativos y cuestionarios para complementar la información. Asimismo, nos hemos centrado en el análisis y evaluación de su incidencia en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la traducción haciendo especial hincapié en el desarrollo de contenidos formativos, diversificando recursos, incorporando nuevas propuestas y ampliando las posibilidades de las herramientas y métodos didácticos desarrollados hasta el momento. Con ello hemos pretendido continuar siendo un foro de investigación e intercambio de ideas de un creciente número de docentes interesados en estos nuevos métodos y planteamientos

FORmación Transversal en TRAducción desde una Perspectiva Interdisciplinar: FORTTRAPI

El proyecto actual “FORmación Transversal en TRAducción desde una Perspectiva Interdisciplinar: FORTTRAPI” ha aplicado MPDT desde una nueva perspectiva en el Grado en Traducción e Interpretación (de inglés, francés, alemán y árabe) durante los cursos 2013/2014 y 2014/2015 utilizando, y actualizando los recursos y herramientas que hemos ido desarrollando durante nuestra trayectoria de trabajo. El objetivo general planteado se centra en integrar nuestro modelo así como los métodos, recursos y herramientas generados en las diferentes asignaturas del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de manera transversal e interdisciplinar, facilitando la visión de la traducción como un proceso en el que participan diferentes tipos de competencias, materias y conocimientos. Uno de los retos principales es integrar la tecnología, especialmente la referida a la Web 2.0, en la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la evaluación de la traducció